Laparoscopy

Understanding Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used in gynaecology to diagnose and treat various reproductive health conditions. It involves using a laparoscope, a thin, lighted tube with a camera, which is inserted through a small incision in the abdomen. This allows doctors to view the pelvic organs without the need for open surgery.

Why is Laparoscopy Performed?

Laparoscopy is commonly used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:

- Investigating pelvic pain or unexplained infertility

- Diagnosing and treating endometriosis

- Removing ovarian cysts, fibroids, or ectopic pregnancies

- Treating pelvic adhesions

- Performing sterilisation (tubal ligation)

- Evaluating and treating abnormal bleeding

- Performing hysterectomy or myomectomy

Preparing for Laparoscopy

- Your doctor may recommend imaging tests, blood tests, or a pelvic exam before the procedure.

- Avoid eating or drinking for 8 hours before the surgery.

- Inform your doctor about any medications or supplements you are taking.

- Arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure.

The Procedure

- Laparoscopy is usually performed under general anaesthesia.

- A small incision is made near the navel, through which the laparoscope is inserted.

- Carbon dioxide gas is used to inflate the abdomen for better visibility of the pelvic organs.

- Additional small incisions may be made for inserting surgical instruments if treatment is necessary.

- The procedure typically takes 30 minutes to 2 hours, depending on its complexity.

Recovery After Laparoscopy

- Most patients go home the same day.

- Mild pain, shoulder discomfort from the gas, and light vaginal bleeding are common.

- Recovery time generally ranges from a few days to two weeks.

- Avoid strenuous activities, heavy lifting, and sexual intercourse until your doctor advises otherwise.

Risks and Complications

While laparoscopy is generally safe, potential risks include:

- Infection

- Bleeding

- Injury to surrounding organs

- Blood clots

- Adverse reaction to anesthesia

Contact your doctor if you experience severe pain, heavy bleeding, fever, or signs of infection.

Benefits of Laparoscopy

- Smaller incisions and minimal scarring

- Faster recovery time

- Reduced postoperative pain

- Lower risk of infection compared to open surgery

Conclusion

Laparoscopy is a valuable tool in gynaecology, offering an effective and less invasive option for diagnosing and treating a range of reproductive health conditions. If you have concerns about your pelvic health or are considering a laparoscopy, consult with your healthcare provider to determine if this procedure is right for you.